1. Nanoelectronics
- Ultra-thin FETs
- Scalable semiconductor channels
- Low-power logic components
2. Optoelectronics
- Photodetectors (UV–IR)
- LEDs
- Solar cells
- Optical modulators
3. Flexible & Wearable Systems
- Foldable displays
- Soft sensors
- Flexible circuits
- Transparent electronics
4. Sensors & IoT
- Gas & chemical sensors
- Strain sensors
- Biomolecular detectors
5. Energy & Catalysis
- Hydrogen evolution catalysts
- Thermoelectrics (SnSe, Sb₂Se₃)
- Battery and supercapacitor interfaces